Here are a few ways:

• If you have an MBR partition table:

  
  
  

  terdon@oregano ~ $ sudo fdisk -l
  
  Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
  
  255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors
  
  Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
  
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  
  I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
  
  Disk identifier: 0x4b66b5d5
  
  
  
     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
  
  /dev/sda1              63       80324       40131   de  Dell Utility
  
  /dev/sda2   *       81920    30801919    15360000    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
  
  /dev/sda3        30801920   194643539    81920810    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
  
  /dev/sda4       194643601   976773119   391064759+   f  W95 Ext'd (LBA)
  
  /dev/sda5       194643603   198836504     2096451    c  W95 FAT32 (LBA)
  
  /dev/sda6       342951936   960387071   308717568   83  Linux
  
  /dev/sda7       198840320   342949887    72054784   83  Linux
  
  /dev/sda8       960389120   976773119     8192000   82  Linux swap / Solaris
  
  

  
  
  

  or
  sudo sfdidk -l

  
  
  

  These do not give particularly human readable output though. The next choices are better.




• For both GPT and MBR partition tables:

  
  
  

  terdon@oregano ~ $ sudo parted -l
  
  Model: ATA ST9500420AS (scsi)
  
  Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
  
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
  
  Partition Table: msdos
  
  
  
  Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags
  
   1      32.3kB  41.1MB  41.1MB  primary   fat16           diag
  
   2      41.9MB  15.8GB  15.7GB  primary   ntfs            boot
  
   3      15.8GB  99.7GB  83.9GB  primary   ntfs
  
   4      99.7GB  500GB   400GB   extended                  lba
  
   5      99.7GB  102GB   2147MB  logical   fat32           lba
  
   7      102GB   176GB   73.8GB  logical   ext4
  
   6      176GB   492GB   316GB   logical   ext4
  
   8      492GB   500GB   8389MB  logical   linux-swap(v1)
  
  
  
  
  
  Model: ST950032 5AS (scsi)
  
  Disk /dev/sdb: 500GB
  
  Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
  
  Partition Table: msdos
  
  
  
  Number  Start   End    Size   Type     File system  Flags
  
   1      32.3kB  500GB  500GB  primary  ntfs
  
  




• lsblk

  
  
  

  terdon@oregano ~ $ lsblk
  
  NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
  
  sda      8:0    0 465.8G  0 disk 
  
  ├─sda1   8:1    0  39.2M  0 part 
  
  ├─sda2   8:2    0  14.7G  0 part 
  
  ├─sda3   8:3    0  78.1G  0 part 
  
  ├─sda4   8:4    0     1K  0 part 
  
  ├─sda5   8:5    0     2G  0 part 
  
  ├─sda6   8:6    0 294.4G  0 part /home
  
  ├─sda7   8:7    0  68.7G  0 part /
  
  └─sda8   8:8    0   7.8G  0 part [SWAP]
  
  sdb      8:16   0 465.8G  0 disk 
  
  └─sdb1   8:17   0 465.8G  0 part /test
  
  sr0     11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
  
  




• Install inxi then run

  
  
  

  terdon@oregano ~ $ inxi -D
  
  Drives:    HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (70.1% used) 1: id: /dev/sda model: ST9500420AS size: 500.1GB 
  
             2: id: /dev/sdb model: 5AS size: 500.1GB