Yes, of course it's possible as long as directories with these names exists.

The simple way:

How I made:

• I ran ls command in the parent directory where a directory what is named with non-latin characters.


• With the mouse, I selected the name of the directory (nothing more).


• I typed cd followed by a Space then I pressed Shift+Insert and, of course Enter(again, nothing more).

If you can't use the mouse, see this quick tutorial.

The right way:

• Add the new keyboard layouts that you need (greek, russian,...)

  
  
  
  
  

  • Go in System settings → Personal → Keyboard Layout and add a new layout:

    
    
    

    

  
  



• When you type in terminal, switch between layouts to type in what language do you wish.

For tty1 (where you can go with Ctrl+Alt+F1) - and not only - I found another trick:

~ $ ls 

bin         Desktop    file.gif  nohup.out  Sent to Ubuntu One  ttyrecord  άλφα

Descărcări  Documente  Muzică    Poze       tmp.txt             Video

~ $ ls > tmp.txt # redirect the output of 'ls' command to 'tmp.txt' file

~ $ cat tmp.txt

bin

Descărcări

Desktop

Documente

file.gif

Muzică

nohup.out

Poze

Sent to Ubuntu One

tmp.txt

ttyrecord

Video

άλφα

~ $ # our directory is on line 13 (in my case); we will use this number in next command

~ $ cat tmp.txt | sed -n 13p

άλφα

~ $ cd $(cat tmp.txt | sed -n 13p)

~/άλφα $ # voila

~/άλφα > rm -v ../tmp.txt

removed ‘../tmp.txt’

~/άλφα $