Step 1

Check in System Settings -> Details, whether your Ubuntu is 32-bit or 64-bit

Step 2

(Using software centre or command lines) If your Ubuntu is a 32-bit OS then install libgl1-mesa-dev

In case of 64-bit OS install ia32-libs (Ubuntu 13.04 or earlier), or libgl1-mesa-dev:i386 (Ubuntu 13.10 and above)

Step 3

Install openjdk-8-jdk. If not compatible try openjdk-7-jdk, or if still not compatible openjdk-6-jdk

Step 4

Download the Android SDK command line tools here (they're located at the bottom of the page) and unzip it to a place where you can leave it as long as you need the Android SDK, /opt/ for instance.

Step 5

Check that the unzipped ADT Bundle folder (or Android SDK folder, as the case may be) have the folders tools and platform-tools. If platform-tools folder is absent, you should be able to install it from the android virtual device manager, which can be run by typing the command

   android

in the terminal. These folders contain some important commands stored. Add them to your executable path. Adding them to the path can be done as follows:

First execute gedit ~/.pam_environment. A file opens. Just add these lines to that file:

   PATH DEFAULT=${PATH}:/path/to/tools

   PATH DEFAULT=${PATH}:/path/to/platform-tools

Here you have to replace /path/to/tools and /path/to/platform-tools by the absolute paths according to where you unzipped the SDK or the ADT bundle download. Now all the commands adb, android, emulator etc can be simply executed in the terminal without giving absolute paths. That is, you will not get a "command not found" error if you gave it without its absolute path.

Step 6

Type android into the terminal and, if Step 5 was done correctly, the Android SDK Package Tool will start, where you can finish your installation.