So, I want to visit a website that only permits access to computers from certain ip domains. My ip is not from one of the allowed domains, but I've ssh'd into a (linux) machine at another location that is at one of the allowed domains.
How do I launch a web browser on my local machine that visits websites through the ip of the remote machine?
The SSH tunneling in Clemens' answer will work for one specific website, with caveats... if the site does virtual hosting, where the content depends on your HTTP request pointing at a specific hostname, simple port tunneling won't work. And it will only get you to the one site.
A more robust solution is to use OpenSSH dynamic port forwarding. The command would be:
ssh -D 1080 ssh-server.example.com
Next, set the browser on your client to use a SOCKS proxy at 127.0.0.1, port 1080.
Now, regardless of which site you're visiting, all of your browsing activity (including DNS lookups) will use the remote server.
More detail is here: SSH/OpenSSH/PortForwarding: Dynamic Port Forwarding
If you need to switch frequently between browsing normally and browsing through the remote SSH server, look into installing a plugin for your browser to do fast proxy switching. There are a lot of them.
