Yes it worked. I switched to gentoo in the meantime, but the kernel 3.6.11 supports all features of the motherboard (at least I did not miss any yet).

The lines Kernel driver in use: show which kernelmodules I used for this board.

# lspci -k

00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor PCI Express Root Port (rev 09)

    Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 84ca

    Kernel driver in use: i915

00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

    Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd

00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

    Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 841a

    Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel

00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4)

    Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5 (rev c4)

    Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev c4)

00:1c.6 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 7 (rev c4)

    Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1c.7 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 8 (rev c4)

    Kernel driver in use: pcieport

00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

    Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd

00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Z77 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 84ca

00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

    Kernel driver in use: ahci

00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 09)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. P8H77-I Motherboard

    Kernel driver in use: r8169

04:00.0 PCI bridge: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1083/1085 PCIe to PCI Bridge (rev 03)

06:00.0 SATA controller: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88SE9120 SATA 6Gb/s Controller (rev 12)

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 83ba

    Kernel driver in use: ahci

07:00.0 USB controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1042 SuperSpeed USB Host Controller

    Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device 8488

    Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd