What is the difference between the gearman-server package and the gearman-job-server package? Does one depend on the other?
Try using apt-cache show packagename to see more about packages. You can read your answer in there:
$ apt-cache show gearman-server
[...]
Depends: perl, libgearman-client-perl, libdanga-socket-perl
[...]
Description-en: [...]
This package contains both the Gearman server as well as the corresponding
Perl bindings.
$ apt-cache show gearman-job-server
[...]
Depends: libboost-program-options1.46.1 [...]
[...]
Description-en: [...]
This package contains the C reimplementation of the job server daemon
Homepage: http://launchpad.net/gearmand
So, basically, gearman-job-server (C/C++) is an alternative to gearman-server (Perl?), providing not all the exact same features.
