The general question to this is NO, however, there is a but:

• Some applications are cross-platform so you can find their Windows versions. For example, there's KDE for Windows initiative which supposedly allows you to run KDE programs on Windows




• Mostly for command-line programs, there's a compatibility layer called Cygwin




• you can run Ubuntu programs in a virtual machine in Windows.

But generally you can not take an arbitrary .deb and install and run it in Windows.