Installing OpenStack

If you want to get up and running quickly go here instead:

• How do I install OpenStack?

This answer is a more detailed look at how to use Juju with OpenStack.

Scope

The OpenStack platform is powerful and its uses diverse. This section of
documentation is primarily concerned with deploying a "standard" running
OpenStack system using, but not limited to, Canonical components such as MAAS,
Juju and Ubuntu. Where appropriate other methods and software will be mentioned.

Assumptions

1. Use of MAAS - follow these intructions first.


2. Use of Juju


3. Local network configuration - This document assumes that you have an adequate local network configuration, including separate interfaces for access to the OpenStack cloud. Ideal networks are laid out in the [MAAS][MAAS documentation for OpenStack].

Planning an installation

Before deploying any services, it is very useful to take stock of the resources
available and how they are to be used. OpenStack comprises of a number of
interrelated services (Nova, Swift, etc) which each have differing demands in
terms of hosts. For example, the Swift service, which provides object storage,
has a different requirement than the Nova service, which provides compute
resources.

The minimum requirements for each service and recommendations are laid out in
the official OpenStack Operations Guide

The recommended composition of nodes for deploying OpenStack with MAAS and Juju
is that all nodes in the system should be capable of running ANY of the
services. This is best practice for the robustness of the system, as since any
physical node should fail, another can be repurposed to take its place.
This obviously extends to any hardware requirements such as extra network interfaces.

If for reasons of economy or otherwise you choose to use different
configurations of hardware, you should note that your ability to overcome
hardware failure will be reduced. It will also be necessary to target
deployments to specific nodes - see the section in the MAAS documentation on tags.

Create the OpenStack configuration file

We will be using Juju charms to deploy the component parts of OpenStack. Each
charm encapsulates everything required to set up a particular service. However,
the individual services have many configuration options, some of which we will
want to change.

To make this task easier and more reproduceable, we will create a separate
configuration file with the relevant options for all the services. This is
written in a standard YAML format
(see www.yaml.org if this is unfamiliar to you).

Here is an example of an openstack-config.yaml:

keystone:

  admin-password: openstack

  debug: 'true'

  log-level: DEBUG

nova-cloud-controller:

  network-manager: 'Neutron'

  quantum-security-groups: 'yes'

  neutron-external-network: Public_Network

nova-compute:

  enable-live-migration: 'True'

  migration-auth-type: "none"

  virt-type: kvm

  #virt-type: lxc

  enable-resize: 'True'

quantum-gateway:

  ext-port: 'eth1'

  plugin: ovs

glance:

  ceph-osd-replication-count: 3

cinder:

  block-device: None

  ceph-osd-replication-count: 3

  overwrite: "true"

  glance-api-version: 2

ceph:

  fsid: a51ce9ea-35cd-4639-9b5e-668625d3c1d8

  monitor-secret: AQCk5+dR6NRDMRAAKUd3B8SdAD7jLJ5nbzxXXA==

  osd-devices: /dev/sdb

  osd-reformat: 'True'

For all services, we can configure the openstack-origin to point to an install source. In this case, we will rely on the default, which will point to the relevant sources for the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Trusty release. Further configuration for each service is explained in this document.

Other configurations

Other settings and configuration options are possible for deployment of the OpenStack services. These are detailed in the documentation of the individual charms used by Juju, and can be inspected by visiting the online Juju Charm Store and searching for the charm using the search box in the top left-hand-side of the page. the configuration settings are then detailed under "Configuration" in the main page, as shown:

Deploying OpenStack with Juju

Now that the configuration is defined, we can use Juju to deploy and relate the services.

Initialising Juju

Juju requires a minimal amount of setup. Here we assume it has already been configured to work with your MAAS cluster (see the [Juju Install Guide][juju_install] for more information on this.

Firstly, we need to fetch images and tools that Juju will use:

juju sync-tools --debug

Then we can create the bootstrap instance:

juju bootstrap --upload-tools --debug

We use the upload-tools switch to use the local versions of the tools which we
just fetched. The debug switch will give verbose output which can be useful.
This process may take a few minutes, as Juju is creating an instance and
installing the tools. When it has finished, you can check the status of the
system with the command:

juju status

This should return something like:

environment: maas

machines:

  "0":

    agent-state: started

    agent-version: 1.18.1.1

    dns-name: localhost

    instance-id: localhost

    series: trusty

Deploy the OpenStack Charms

Now that the Juju bootstrap node is up and running we can deploy the services
required to make our OpenStack installation. To configure these services
properly as they are deployed, we will make use of the configuration file we
defined earlier, by passing it along with the --config switch with each deploy
command. Substitute in the name and path of your config file if different.

It is useful but not essential to deploy the services in the order below. It is
also highly reccommended to open an additional terminal window and run the
command juju debug-log. This will output the logs of all the services as they
run, and can be useful for troubleshooting.

It is also recommended to run a juju status command periodically, to check
that each service has been installed and is running properly. Juju will
automatically try to fetch the best possible version of the
charm from online Charm Store. If you are installing from within a restricted or
closed network, it is possible to pre-fetch the required charms.
See [the documentation for offline charms][charms-offline].

juju deploy --to=0 juju-gui

juju deploy rabbitmq-server

juju deploy mysql

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml openstack-dashboard

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml keystone

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml ceph -n 3 

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml nova-compute -n 3

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml quantum-gateway

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml cinder

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml nova-cloud-controller

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml glance

juju deploy --config openstack-config.yaml ceph-radosgw

Add relations between the OpenStack services

Although the services are now deployed, they are not yet connected together.
Each service currently exists in isolation. We use the juju add-relation
command to make them aware of each other and set up any relevant connections
and protocols. This extra configuration is taken care of by the individual
charms themselves.

We should start adding relations between charms by setting up the Keystone authorization service and its database, as this will be needed by many of the other connections:

juju add-relation keystone mysql

We wait until the relation is set. After it finishes check it with juju status:

juju status mysql

juju status keystone

It can take a few moments for this service to settle. Although it is certainly possible to continue adding relations (Juju manages a queue for pending actions) it can be counterproductive in terms of the overall time taken, as many of the relations refer to the same services.

The following relations also need to be made:

juju add-relation nova-cloud-controller mysql

juju add-relation nova-cloud-controller rabbitmq-server

juju add-relation nova-cloud-controller glance

juju add-relation nova-cloud-controller keystone

juju add-relation nova-compute mysql

juju add-relation nova-compute rabbitmq-server

juju add-relation nova-compute glance

juju add-relation nova-compute nova-cloud-controller

juju add-relation glance mysql

juju add-relation glance keystone

juju add-relation cinder keystone

juju add-relation cinder mysql

juju add-relation cinder rabbitmq-server

juju add-relation cinder nova-cloud-controller

juju add-relation openstack-dashboard keystone

juju add-relation swift-proxy swift-storage

juju add-relation swift-proxy keystone

Finally, the output of juju status should show the all the relations as complete. The OpenStack cloud is now running, but it needs to be populated with some additional components before it is ready for use.