This tutorial can be helpful for what you need: Running PHPStorm.

Run the following commands in terminal:

cd /home/user/PHPStorm/PhpStorm-111.296/bin

chmod +x phpstorm.sh

./phpstorm.sh

You can create a shortcut on the Desktop by using gnome-desktop-item-edit in terminal as follow (note that if you don't have installed the package gnome-desktop-item-edit, you must be install first, so if you have gnome-shell or gnome-tweak-tool installed, then it is installed automatically):

gnome-desktop-item-edit --create-new ~/Desktop

This will start the dialog (Create Launcher):

Insert for Name any name you want (for example 'PHPStorm') and for Command sh /home/user/PHPStorm/PhpStorm-111.296/bin/phpstorm.sh and press Ok.

You can put this .desktop file in any folder, and then drag and drop to the Launcher.

^{Thanks to Binarylife for this answer.}