I've been trying to install and run Ubuntu on my HP laptop (HP laptop 15t-dy100, Core i5 U series 10th gen Intel processor, 12GB RAM, 64-bit OS, x64base processor) for the past few days with no avail. I've set aside about 90GB of unallocated disk space for Ubuntu, tried install/boot with Secure Boot on and off, I've let Ubuntu partition for dual boot and I've tried manually (25GB /, 64GB /home, 6GB Linux-swap, EFI folder I just selected the one Windows came with), but nothing seems to work. Most often it returns no errors (except the occasional flash of "error communicating to TPM Chip", but I don't think that would affect boot).
I've been through the EFI files, no sign of Ubuntu or grub2, however, I can boot from a USB drive, which some others with a similar issue couldn't. When setting up the live USB I used Rufus (I tried both MBR and GPT systems just because it wasn't working when installing (live USB worked though), although I'm pretty sure it doesn't matter with UEFI). I tried looking further into it with EasyUEFI, which does list Ubuntu, but the file path doesn't actually exist.
Partitioning:
UEFI settings:
(Click image to enlarge)
(Click image to enlarge)
(Click image to enlarge)
(Click image to enlarge)
Boot Options + error:
(Click image to enlarge)
(Click image to enlarge)
(Click image to enlarge)