I am looking for a math app in Ubuntu that it is easy to write and can calculate problems like stochastic processes in Probability Theories, ordinary differential equation and similar.
Well for stochastic problems you'll do good with Octave (The apturl is actually for QtOctave which provides a very nice frontend for Octave) and Scilab ^1 plus Gnuplot (they are first class applications), but if you search the software center, you'll probably find something more.
If your problem includes symbolic algebra, you could use Maxima (or wxMaxima if you need a GUI).
I currently find that a nice combination of Maxima and Octave is basically unbeatable.
^1: If you need some high speed calculus (again, I don't know exactly what you need), let it be noted that SciLab can export proyects from it's matlab-like language to C or Fortran...
You can install them using the software center, the console or any of the links below:
note: QtOctave is no longer being developed, but you can still download it through the software-center.
